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Iron Age field system, banjo enclosure and Romano-British villa, 500m east of Woodham Farm.

Listed on the National Heritage List for England. Search over 400,000 listed places

Overview

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1013269
Date first listed:: 13-Nov-1947

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Official list entry

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1013269
Date first listed:: 13-Nov-1947
Date of most recent amendment:: 08-May-1990

Location

The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.

County:: Hampshire
District:: Winchester (District Authority)
Parish:: Kings Worthy
National Grid Reference:: SU 48699 33365

Reasons for Designation

"Banjo" enclosures are lightly defended settlement sites of the middle Iron Age (400-100BC), some being occupied as late as the Roman Conquest. They are rare nationally with a distribution centred on, and largely confined to, Wessex where they form a significant and distinctive element of the later prehistoric landscape. Villas were an important component of the Roman-British landscape, representing the most Romanised form of farmstead, and ranging in date from the first to the fourth centuries AD. They usually comprise a well-appointed dwelling house together with agricultural outbuildings and related enclosures and ancillary structures. The significance of the Woodham Farm site is considerably enhanced by the association of the Iron Age enclosure, a broadly contemporary field system and Romano-British villa complex, providing an opportunity to understand changing settlement patterns over a considerable time.

Details

The monument includes an Iron Age enclosure, identified as a "banjo" enclosure, an associated field system and a Romano-British villa complex situated 500m east of Woodham Farm. The field system comprises three cultivation terraces which follow the contours of the dry valley in which the villa complex is situated. The westernmost of the terraces adjoins the circular "banjo" enclosure. Partial excavations in 1925 revealed one of a group of four buildings and related enclosures. This included a pillared hypocaust and five or six other rooms, two of which have tesellated floors.

MAP EXTRACT The site of the monument is shown on the attached map extract.

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number:: 12049
Legacy System:: RSM

Sources

Books and journals
Perry, B T, 'Proceedings of the Hampshire Field Club' in Excavations at Bramdean, Hampshire, 1965 and 1966, (1972), 63-4
Perry, B T, 'Proceedings of the Hampshire Field Club' in Excavations at Bramdean, Hampshire, 1965 and 1966, (1972), 63
Other
Hingley, R, HBMC Monument Class Description - banjo enclosures, (1987)

Legal

This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.