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A bowl barrow and a bell barrow 600m SSE of Shalcombe Manor: part of a round barrow cemetery on Pay Down

Listed on the National Heritage List for England. Search over 400,000 listed places

Overview

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1008310
Date first listed:: 28-Aug-1967

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Official list entry

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1008310
Date first listed:: 28-Aug-1967
Date of most recent amendment:: 02-Mar-1994

Location

The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.

District:: Isle of Wight (Unitary Authority)
Parish:: Calbourne, Newtown and Porchfield
National Grid Reference:: SZ 39686 85091

Reasons for Designation

Round barrow cemeteries date to the Bronze Age (c.2000-700 BC). They comprise closely-spaced groups of up to 30 round barrows - rubble or earthen mounds covering single or multiple burials. Most cemeteries developed over a considerable period of time, often many centuries, and in some cases acted as a focus for burials as late as the early medieval period. They exhibit considerable diversity of burial rite, plan and form, frequently including several different types of round barrow, occasionally associated with earlier long barrows. Where large scale investigation has been undertaken around them, contemporary or later "flat" burials between the barrow mounds have often been revealed. Round barrow cemeteries occur across most of lowland Britain, with a marked concentration in Wessex. In some cases, they are clustered around other important contemporary monuments such as henges. Often occupying prominent locations, they are a major historic element in the modern landscape, whilst their diversity and their longevity as a monument type provide important information on the variety of beliefs and social organisation amongst early prehistoric communities. They are particularly representative of their period and a substantial proportion of surviving or partly-surviving examples are considered worthy of protection.

Despite the bowl barrow being partially excavated, the bowl barrow and bell barrow on Pay Down survive well and will contain archaeological remains and environmental evidence relating to the cemetery and the landscape in which it was constructed. The bell barrow is one of only nine on the Isle of Wight.

Details

The monument includes a bowl barrow and bell barrow aligned north east-south west and situated in a gently undulating downland setting. They lie on a west facing hillside flanking a valley which runs north-south. To the north, beyond the valley, are the flat plains reaching to the Solent. The bowl barrow has a mound which measures 15.5m in diameter and 1m high. The bell barrow has a central mound 13m in diameter and 1.5m high with a 3m wide berm beyond this. Surrounding each mound is a ditch from which material was quarried during its construction. These can no longer be seen at ground level, but survive as buried features c.3m wide. The bowl barrow was excavated by Dunning who found a cremation and sherds of pottery. L V Grinsell found a piece of Bronze Age pottery on the bell barrow.

MAP EXTRACT The site of the monument is shown on the attached map extract. It includes a 2 metre boundary around the archaeological features, considered to be essential for the monument's support and preservation.

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number:: 22008
Legacy System:: RSM

Sources

Books and journals
CCM Arch Index, (1979)
Grinsell, , Sherwin, , 'Proceedings of the I.O.W. Nat History and Archaeological Soc' in Procedings of the I.O.W. Nat History and Archaeological Soc, , Vol. 3, (1940), 202-3

Legal

This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.